The sum of coefficients in the Schur basis of certain LLT polynomials associated with a Dyck path. In other words, given a Dyck path, there is an associated (directed) unit interval graph $\Gamma$. Consider the expansion $$G_\Gamma(x;q) = \sum_{\kappa: V(G) \to \mathbb{N}_+} x_\kappa q^{\mathrm{asc}(\kappa)}$$ using the notation by Alexandersson and Panova. The function $G_\Gamma(x;q)$ is a so called unicellular LLT polynomial, and a symmetric function. Consider the Schur expansion $$G_\Gamma(x;q+1) = \sum_{\lambda} c^\Gamma_\lambda(q) s_\lambda(x).$$ By a result by Haiman and Grojnowski, all $c^\Gamma_\lambda(q)$ have non-negative integer coefficients. Consider the sum $$S_\Gamma = \sum_{\lambda} c^\Gamma_\lambda(1).$$ This statistic is $S_\Gamma$. It is still an open problem to find a combinatorial description of the above Schur expansion, a first step would be to find a family of combinatorial objects to sum over.

The number of order preserving surjections from a poset to a total order.

The maximum defect over any reduced expression for a permutation and any subexpression.

The Denert index of a permutation. It is defined as $$\begin{align*} den(\sigma) &= \#\{ 1\leq l < k \leq n : \sigma(k) < \sigma(l) \leq k \} \\ &+ \#\{ 1\leq l < k \leq n : \sigma(l) \leq k < \sigma(k) \} \\ &+ \#\{ 1\leq l < k \leq n : k < \sigma(k) < \sigma(l) \} \end{align*}$$ where $n$ is the size of $\sigma$. It was studied by Denert in [1], and it was shown by Foata and Zeilberger in [2] that the bistatistic $(exc,den)$ is [[Permutations/Descents-Major#Euler-Mahonian_statistics|Euler-Mahonian]]. Here, $exc$ is the number of weak exceedences, see [[St000155]].

The number of alignments in the permutation.

The load of a permutation. The definition of the load of a finite word in a totally ordered alphabet can be found in [1], for permutations, it is given by the major index [[St000004]] of the reverse [[Mp00064]] of the inverse [[Mp00066]] permutation.

The rob statistic of a set partition. Let $S = B_1,\ldots,B_k$ be a set partition with ordered blocks $B_i$ and with $\operatorname{min} B_a < \operatorname{min} B_b$ for $a < b$. According to [1, Definition 3], a '''rob''' (right-opener-bigger) of $S$ is given by a pair $i < j$ such that $j = \operatorname{min} B_b$ and $i \in B_a$ for $a < b$. This is also the number of occurrences of the pattern {{1}, {2}}, such that 2 is the minimal element of a block.

The rcb statistic of a set partition. Let $S = B_1,\ldots,B_k$ be a set partition with ordered blocks $B_i$ and with $\operatorname{min} B_a < \operatorname{min} B_b$ for $a < b$. According to [1, Definition 3], a '''rcb''' (right-closer-bigger) of $S$ is given by a pair $i < j$ such that $j = \operatorname{max} B_b$ and $i \in B_a$ for $a < b$.

The number of occurrences of the pattern {{1,2},{3}} in a set partition.

The number of occurrences of the pattern {{1},{2,3}} in a set partition.