The number of crossings of a permutation.
A crossing of a permutation $\pi$ is given by a pair $(i,j)$ such that either $i < j \leq \pi(i) \leq \pi(j)$ or $\pi(i) < \pi(j) < i < j$.
Pictorially, the diagram of a permutation is obtained by writing the numbers from $1$ to $n$ in this order on a line, and connecting $i$ and $\pi(i)$ with an arc above the line if $i\leq\pi(i)$ and with an arc below the line if $i > \pi(i)$. Then the number of crossings is the number of pairs of arcs above the line that cross or touch, plus the number of arcs below the line that cross.

Sends the set partition to the permutation obtained by considering the blocks as increasing cycles.

Return a permutation whose multiset of invisible inversion bottoms is the multiset of descent views of the given permutation.
An invisible inversion of a permutation $\sigma$ is a pair $i < j$ such that $i < \sigma(j) < \sigma(i)$. The element $\sigma(j)$ is then an invisible inversion bottom.
A descent view in a permutation $\pi$ is an element $\pi(j)$ such that $\pi(i+1) < \pi(j) < \pi(i)$, and additionally the smallest element in the decreasing run containing $\pi(i)$ is smaller than the smallest element in the decreasing run containing $\pi(j)$.
This map is a bijection $\chi:\mathfrak S_n \to \mathfrak S_n$, such that

• the multiset of descent views in $\pi$ is the multiset of invisible inversion bottoms in $\chi(\pi)$,
• the set of left-to-right maxima of $\pi$ is the set of maximal elements in the cycles of $\chi(\pi)$,
• the set of global ascent of $\pi$ is the set of global ascent of $\chi(\pi)$,
• the set of maximal elements in the decreasing runs of $\pi$ is the set of weak deficiency positions of $\chi(\pi)$, and
• the set of minimal elements in the decreasing runs of $\pi$ is the set of weak deficiency values of $\chi(\pi)$.