The size of the centralizer of any permutation of given cycle type.
The centralizer (or commutant, equivalently normalizer) of an element $g$ of a group $G$ is the set of elements of $G$ that commute with $g$:
$$C_g = \{h \in G : hgh^{-1} = g\}.$$
Its size thus depends only on the conjugacy class of $g$.
The conjugacy classes of a permutation is determined by its cycle type, and the size of the centralizer of a permutation with cycle type $\lambda = (1^{a_1},2^{a_2},\dots)$ is
$$|C| = \Pi j^{a_j} a_j!$$
For example, for any permutation with cycle type $\lambda = (3,2,2,1)$,
$$|C| = (3^1 \cdot 1!)(2^2 \cdot 2!)(1^1 \cdot 1!) = 24.$$
There is exactly one permutation of the empty set, the identity, so the statistic on the empty partition is $1$.

Return the poset corresponding to the lattice.

The Greene-Kleitman invariant of a poset.
This is the partition $(c_1 - c_0, c_2 - c_1, c_3 - c_2, \ldots)$, where $c_k$ is the maximum cardinality of a union of $k$ chains of the poset. Equivalently, this is the conjugate of the partition $(a_1 - a_0, a_2 - a_1, a_3 - a_2, \ldots)$, where $a_k$ is the maximum cardinality of a union of $k$ antichains of the poset.