The breadth of a lattice.
The breadth of a lattice is the least integer $b$ such that any join $x_1\vee x_2\vee\cdots\vee x_n$, with $n > b$, can be expressed as a join over a proper subset of $\{x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n\}$.

The poset of factors of a binary word.
This is the partial order on the set of distinct factors of a binary word, such that $u < v$ if and only if $u$ is a factor of $v$.

The lattice of order ideals of a poset.
An order ideal $\mathcal I$ in a poset $P$ is a downward closed set, i.e., $a \in \mathcal I$ and $b \leq a$ implies $b \in \mathcal I$. This map sends a poset to the lattice of all order ideals sorted by inclusion with meet being intersection and join being union.

Sends a binary word $w_1\cdots w_m$ to the binary word $v_1 \cdots v_m$ with $v_i = w_i$ if $i$ is odd and $v_i = 1 - w_i$ if $i$ is even.
This map is used in [1], see Definitions 3.2 and 5.1.