The number of borders of a binary word. A border of a binary word $w$ is a word which is both a prefix and a suffix of $w$.

The size of the overlap set of a permutation. For a permutation $\pi\in\mathfrak S_n$ this is the number of indices $i < n$ such that the standardisation of $\pi_1\dots\pi_{n-i}$ equals the standardisation of $\pi_{i+1}\dots\pi_n$. In particular, for $n > 1$, the statistic is at least one, because the standardisations of $\pi_1$ and $\pi_n$ are both $1$. For example, for $\pi=2143$, the standardisations of $21$ and $43$ are equal, and so are the standardisations of $2$ and $3$. Thus, the statistic on $\pi$ is $2$.

The distinguishing number of a graph. This is the minimal number of colours needed to colour the vertices of a graph, such that only the trivial automorphism of the graph preserves the colouring. For connected graphs, this statistic is at most one plus the maximal degree of the graph, with equality attained for complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs and the cycle with five vertices, see Theorem 4.2 of [2].

The multiplicity of the largest distance Laplacian eigenvalue in a connected graph. The distance Laplacian of a graph is the (symmetric) matrix with row and column sums $0$, which has the negative distances between two vertices as its off-diagonal entries. This statistic is the largest multiplicity of an eigenvalue. For example, the cycle on four vertices has distance Laplacian $$ \left(\begin{array}{rrrr} 4 & -1 & -2 & -1 \\ -1 & 4 & -1 & -2 \\ -2 & -1 & 4 & -1 \\ -1 & -2 & -1 & 4 \end{array}\right). $$ Its eigenvalues are $0,4,4,6$, so the statistic is $1$. The path on four vertices has eigenvalues $0, 4.7\dots, 6, 9.2\dots$ and therefore also statistic $1$. The graphs with statistic $n-1$, $n-2$ and $n-3$ have been characterised, see [1].

The maximal multiplicity of an eigenvalue in a graph.