The largest eigenvalue of a graph if it is integral.
If a graph is $d$-regular, then its largest eigenvalue equals $d$. One can show that the largest eigenvalue always lies between the average degree and the maximal degree.
This statistic is undefined if the largest eigenvalue of the graph is not integral.

The complement of a composition.
The complement of a composition $I$ is defined as follows:
If $I$ is the empty composition, then the complement is also the empty composition. Otherwise, let $S$ be the descent set corresponding to $I=(i_1,\dots,i_k)$, that is, the subset
$$\{ i_1, i_1 + i_2, \ldots, i_1 + i_2 + \cdots + i_{k-1} \}$$
of $\{ 1, 2, \ldots, |I|-1 \}$. Then, the complement of $I$ is the composition of the same size as $I$, whose descent set is $\{ 1, 2, \ldots, |I|-1 \} \setminus S$.
The complement of a composition $I$ coincides with the reversal (Mp00038reverse) of the composition conjugate (Mp00041conjugate) to $I$.

The chromatic difference sequence of a graph.
Let $G$ be a simple graph with chromatic number $\kappa$. Let $\alpha_m$ be the maximum number of vertices in a $m$-colorable subgraph of $G$. Set $\delta_m=\alpha_m-\alpha_{m-1}$. The sequence $\delta_1,\delta_2,\dots\delta_\kappa$ is the chromatic difference sequence of $G$.
All entries of the chromatic difference sequence are positive: $\alpha_m > \alpha_{m-1}$ for $m < \kappa$, because we can assign any uncolored vertex of a partial coloring with $m-1$ colors the color $m$. Therefore, the chromatic difference sequence is a composition of the number of vertices of $G$ into $\kappa$ parts.

The threshold graph corresponding to the composition.
A threshold graph is a graph that can be obtained from the empty graph by adding successively isolated and dominating vertices.
A threshold graph is uniquely determined by its degree sequence.
The Laplacian spectrum of a threshold graph is integral. Interpreting it as an integer partition, it is the conjugate of the partition given by its degree sequence.