The largest multiplicity of a distance Laplacian eigenvalue in a connected graph.
The distance Laplacian of a graph is the (symmetric) matrix with row and column sums $0$, which has the negative distances between two vertices as its off-diagonal entries. This statistic is the largest multiplicity of an eigenvalue.
For example, the cycle on four vertices has distance Laplacian
$$ \left(\begin{array}{rrrr} 4 & -1 & -2 & -1 \\ -1 & 4 & -1 & -2 \\ -2 & -1 & 4 & -1 \\ -1 & -2 & -1 & 4 \end{array}\right). $$
Its eigenvalues are $0,4,4,6$, so the statistic is $2$.
The path on four vertices has eigenvalues $0, 4.7\dots, 6, 9.2\dots$ and therefore statistic $1$.

The threshold graph corresponding to the composition.
A threshold graph is a graph that can be obtained from the empty graph by adding successively isolated and dominating vertices.
A threshold graph is uniquely determined by its degree sequence.
The Laplacian spectrum of a threshold graph is integral. Interpreting it as an integer partition, it is the conjugate of the partition given by its degree sequence.

The chromatic difference sequence of a graph.
Let $G$ be a simple graph with chromatic number $\kappa$. Let $\alpha_m$ be the maximum number of vertices in a $m$-colorable subgraph of $G$. Set $\delta_m=\alpha_m-\alpha_{m-1}$. The sequence $\delta_1,\delta_2,\dots\delta_\kappa$ is the chromatic difference sequence of $G$.
All entries of the chromatic difference sequence are positive: $\alpha_m > \alpha_{m-1}$ for $m < \kappa$, because we can assign any uncolored vertex of a partial coloring with $m-1$ colors the color $m$. Therefore, the chromatic difference sequence is a composition of the number of vertices of $G$ into $\kappa$ parts.

The back to front rotation of an integer composition.