The number of join prime elements of a lattice. An element $x$ of a lattice $L$ is join-prime (or coprime) if $x \leq a \vee b$ implies $x \leq a$ or $x \leq b$ for every $a, b \in L$.

The dimension of the space of valuations of a lattice. A valuation, or modular function, on a lattice $L$ is a function $v:L\mapsto\mathbb R$ satisfying $$ v(a\vee b) + v(a\wedge b) = v(a) + v(b). $$ It was shown by Birkhoff [1, thm. X.2], that a lattice with a positive valuation must be modular. This was sharpened by Fleischer and Traynor [2, thm. 1], which states that the modular functions on an arbitrary lattice are in bijection with the modular functions on its modular quotient [[Mp00196]]. Moreover, Birkhoff [1, thm. X.2] showed that the dimension of the space of modular functions equals the number of subsets of projective prime intervals.

The number of join-irreducible elements of a lattice. An element $j$ of a lattice $L$ is '''join irreducible''' if it is not the least element and if $j=x\vee y$, then $j\in\{x,y\}$ for all $x,y\in L$.

The cardinality of a maximal independent set of vertices of a graph. An independent set of a graph is a set of pairwise non-adjacent vertices. A maximum independent set is an independent set of maximum cardinality. This statistic is also called the independence number or stability number $\alpha(G)$ of $G$.

The largest part of an integer partition.

The size of the centralizer of any permutation of given cycle type. The centralizer (or commutant, equivalently normalizer) of an element $g$ of a group $G$ is the set of elements of $G$ that commute with $g$: $$C_g = \{h \in G : hgh^{-1} = g\}.$$ Its size thus depends only on the conjugacy class of $g$. The conjugacy classes of a permutation is determined by its cycle type, and the size of the centralizer of a permutation with cycle type $\lambda = (1^{a_1},2^{a_2},\dots)$ is $$|C| = \Pi j^{a_j} a_j!$$ For example, for any permutation with cycle type $\lambda = (3,2,2,1)$, $$|C| = (3^1 \cdot 1!)(2^2 \cdot 2!)(1^1 \cdot 1!) = 24.$$ There is exactly one permutation of the empty set, the identity, so the statistic on the empty partition is $1$.

The burning number of a graph. This is the minimum number of rounds needed to burn all vertices of a graph. In each round, the neighbours of all burned vertices are burnt. Additionally, an unburned vertex may be chosen to be burned.

The domination number of a graph. The domination number of a graph is given by the minimum size of a dominating set of vertices. A dominating set of vertices is a subset of the vertex set of such that every vertex is either in this subset or adjacent to an element of this subset.

The maximal part of the shifted composition of an integer partition. A partition $\lambda = (\lambda_1,\ldots,\lambda_k)$ is shifted into a composition by adding $i-1$ to the $i$-th part. The statistic is then $\operatorname{max}_i\{ \lambda_i + i - 1 \}$. See also [[St000380]].