The number of indecomposable summands of the top of the first syzygy of the dual of the regular module in the incidence algebra of the lattice.

The number of 2-Gorenstein indecomposable injective modules in the incidence algebra of the lattice.

The Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of a permutation. The ''Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity'' of a permutation $\sigma$ is the ''Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity'' of the ''matrix Schubert variety'' $X_\sigma$. Equivalently, it is the difference between the degrees of the ''Grothendieck polynomial'' and the ''Schubert polynomial'' for $\sigma$. It can be computed by subtracting the ''Coxeter length'' [[St000018]] from the ''Rajchgot index'' [[St001759]].

The number of inversions of the third entry of a permutation. This is, for a permutation $\pi$ of length $n$, $$\# \{3 < k \leq n \mid \pi(3) > \pi(k)\}.$$ The number of inversions of the first entry is [[St000054]] and the number of inversions of the second entry is [[St001557]]. The sequence of inversions of all the entries define the [[http://www.findstat.org/Permutations#The_Lehmer_code_and_the_major_code_of_a_permutation|Lehmer code]] of a permutation.

The aid statistic in the sense of Shareshian-Wachs. This is the number of admissible inversions [[St000866]] plus the number of descents [[St000021]]. This statistic was introduced by John Shareshian and Michelle L. Wachs in [1]. Theorem 4.1 states that the aid statistic together with the descent statistic is Euler-Mahonian.

The number of indecomposable modules with projective dimension at most 1 in the Nakayama algebra corresponding to the Dyck path.

The height of a poset. This equals the rank of the poset [[St000080]] plus one.

The hat guessing number of a graph. Suppose that each vertex of a graph corresponds to a player, wearing a hat whose color is arbitrarily chosen from a set of $q$ possible colors. Each player can see the hat colors of his neighbors, but not his own hat color. All of the players are asked to guess their own hat colors simultaneously, according to a predetermined guessing strategy and the hat colors they see, where no communication between them is allowed. The hat guessing number $HG(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the largest integer $q$ such that there exists a guessing strategy guaranteeing at least one correct guess for any hat assignment of $q$ possible colors. Because it suffices that a single player guesses correctly, the hat guessing number of a graph is the maximum of the hat guessing numbers of its connected components.

The rank of the poset.

The length of the shortest maximal chain in a poset.