The largest integer such that all patterns of this size are contained in the permutation.

The holeyness of a permutation. For $S\subset [n]:=\{1,2,\dots,n\}$ let $\delta(S)$ be the number of elements $m\in S$ such that $m+1\notin S$. For a permutation $\pi$ of $[n]$ the holeyness of $\pi$ is $$\max_{S\subset [n]} (\delta(\pi(S))-\delta(S)).$$

The minimum of the number of parts and the size of the first part of an integer partition. This is also an upper bound on the maximal number of non-attacking rooks that can be placed on the Ferrers board.

The side length of the largest staircase partition fitting into a partition. For an integer partition $(\lambda_1\geq \lambda_2\geq\dots)$ this is the largest integer $k$ such that $\lambda_i > k-i$ for $i\in\{1,\dots,k\}$. In other words, this is the length of a longest (strict) north-east chain of cells in the Ferrers diagram of the partition, using the English convention. Equivalently, this is the maximal number of non-attacking rooks that can be placed on the Ferrers diagram. This is also the maximal number of occurrences of a colour in a proper colouring of a Ferrers diagram. A colouring of a Ferrers diagram is proper if no two cells in a row or in a column have the same colour. The minimal number of colours needed is the maximum of the length and the first part of the partition, because we can restrict a latin square to the shape. We can associate to each colouring the integer partition recording how often each colour is used, see [1]. This statistic records the largest part occurring in any of these partitions.

The order dimension of the partition. Given a partition $\lambda$, let $I(\lambda)$ be the principal order ideal in the Young lattice generated by $\lambda$. The order dimension of a partition is defined as the order dimension of the poset $I(\lambda)$.

The lettericity of a graph. Let $D$ be a digraph on $k$ vertices, possibly with loops and let $w$ be a word of length $n$ whose letters are vertices of $D$. The letter graph corresponding to $D$ and $w$ is the graph with vertex set $\{1,\dots,n\}$ whose edges are the pairs $(i,j)$ with $i < j$ sucht that $(w_i, w_j)$ is a (directed) edge of $D$.

The balance of a binary word. The balance of a word is the smallest number $q$ such that the word is $q$-balanced [1]. A binary word $w$ is $q$-balanced if for any two factors $u$, $v$ of $w$ of the same length, the difference between the number of ones in $u$ and $v$ is at most $q$.

Half the length of a longest factor which is its own reverse-complement of a binary word.

The number of distinct squares in a binary word. A factor of a word is a sequence of consecutive letters. This statistic records the number of distinct non-empty words $u$ such that $uu$ is a factor of the word. Note that every word of length at least four contains a square.

The minimal order of a graph which is not an induced subgraph of the given graph. For example, the graph with two isolated vertices is not an induced subgraph of the complete graph on three vertices. By contrast, the minimal number of vertices of a graph which is not a subgraph of a graph is one plus the clique number [[St000097]].